The Class 10 is an important year in a student’s life and Maharashtra State Board Grography is one of the subjects that require dedication, hard work, and practice. It’s a subject where you can score well if you are well-versed with the concepts, remember the important formulas and solving methods, and have done an ample amount of practice. Worry not! Home Revise is here to make your Class 10 journey even easier. It’s essential for students to have the right study material and notes to prepare for their board examinations, and through Home Revise, you can cover all the fundamental topics in the subject and the complete Maharashtra State Board Class 10 Grography Book syllabus.
1. How does rainfall in Brazil vary due to physiography?
Answer: In most parts of the equatorial region, it rains throughout the year. However, as we move away from the equator, the number of rainy days as well as amount of rainfall is reduced.
2. How does rainfall affect the life cycle of the vegetation?
Answer: Evergreen forests are located in the area where rainfall is heavy throughout the year, whereas in regions that get rainfall only during certain seasons, the density of the vegetation reduces. Here, instead of forests, various types of grasses, short shrubs, thorny vegetation and so on are found.
3. Why are rainforests rightly called the ‘lungs of the world’?
Answer: Since there are evergreen rainforests in Brazil, a large quantity of oxygen is released into the environment, which helps to reduce carbon dioxide levels. Hence, these rainforests are rightly called the ‘lungs of the world’.
4. Which are the types of forests found in India?
Answer: These types of forests are found in India. They are as follows:
1) In regions that get over 2000 mm of rainfall on an average along with abundant sunlight, evergreen forests are found. The trees in these forests have broad and green leaves. The trees have hardwood, heavy and durable. E.g. mahogany, rosewood, rubber, and so on. There are also several types of creepers found here. The Highest biodiversity is found in these forests.
2) In regions receiving rainfall between 1000 mm to 2000 mm in India, deciduous forests are found. In dry seasons, trees shed their leaves so that water is not lost due to evaporation. For e.g., teak, bamboo, banyan, peepal and more are the trees found in these forests.
3) In regions with less than 500 mm rainfall that experience dry summers for a long period in India, thorny and shrub-type vegetation is found. The leaves are small. For e.g. catechu, acacia, khejri, and varieties of cactus-like aloe vera and agave.
4) Meanwhile, in swampy areas, estuaries and lagoons near coastal areas having saline soils and moist climate, coastal vegetation is found. They are called mangroves or Sunderbans in India. The woods of these trees are oily, light and durable.
5) Finally, in Indian Himalayas, according to the altitude, three types of forests are found. In areas with the highest altitude, seasonally flowering trees are found. In regions with medium-altitude, coniferous trees like pine, deodar, fir and at foothills mixed forests are found. Since this includes both coniferous and deciduous types of forests, the proportion of sal trees is higher.
5. Where are huge anacondas found?
Answer: Huge anacondas are found in the swampy areas of the Pantanal, Brazil.
6. What is the cause of degradation of the environment in Brazil?
Answer: Illegal smuggling of wild animals, slash and burn agriculture (Roka), deforestation, pollution and so on are the cause of degradation of the environment. Many endemic species are also on the verge of getting extinction because of these issues.
7. Why are many species of wildlife on the verge of extinction from India? How are they protected?
Answer: Varied species of wildlife such as cheetahs and more are on the verge of extinction from India as a result of poaching, pollution and rapidly occurring deforestation and so on. To protect the wildlife and forests in India, the Government of India has set up a number of national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, bird sanctuaries and biosphere reserves.
8. India is also a Mega-diverse country in terms of wildlife. Give reason.
Answer: India is the home for many species of wildlife. Hot and humid forests are the abode of elephants, while one-horned rhinoceroses are found in swamps and marshy lands of Assam. Arid lands house the Wild ass and camels. Meanwhile, snow leopards and yaks can be seen in the snow-capped part of the Himalayas. Indian Bison, deer, antelopes and monkeys are found in the Peninsular region. Also, India is the only country in the world where both tigers and lions are found. Many turtles, crocodiles and gavials (gharial) are seen in the rivers, estuaries and coastal areas. The forests and wetlands also shelter a variety of birds such as Peacocks, Indian bustard, Kingfishers, peasants, ducks, parakeets, cranes and pigeons.